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Lesotho officially The Kingdom of Lesotho is an enclosed African country - as well as an enclave - with an area of ??30,355 square kilometers, and a population of 2142000 inhabitants, according to the United Nations average estimate for 2020.
It borders the Republic of South Africa on all sides. The capital is Mazerou. Until 1966 it was a British protectorate, called Basutoland.
Due to the picturesqueness of its landscapes, the country was given the nickname "Switzerland of South Africa". Today it is one of the poorest countries in the world.
The state is located in the highest part of South Africa. The highest peaks are Drakenberg (Dragon Mountains) (over 3,350 meters.
To the west of these mountains are the Malouti Mountains and between them stretch valleys, which enter the river Orangi.
Rainfall and temperature are affected by altitude. It is characteristic that in the winter months the temperature fluctuates at low levels.
Snowfalls are not uncommon (in areas with altitudes ranging from 2,500 to about 3,200 meters.
The ground is covered by mountain meadows. In the west there is steppe and vegetation with dry trees.